We present in this paper a comprehensive review of the major advancements of the Precambrian geological evolution of South China.Emphases are placed on the formation of the South China Block by amalgamation between the Yangtze and the Cathaysia blocks in early Neoproterozoic,rifting-related intracontinental magmatism and basin evolution in the South China in middle Neoproterozic and their relevance to the assemblage and break-up of Rodinia supercontinent.We also revisit some major issues and controversies on geological evolution and geodynamics in Neoproterozoic South China,and suggest further investigations for improving Precambrian research of South China.